八佾篇 3.6

3.6　季氏旅于泰山¹。 子谓冉有曰²：“女弗能救与³？” 对曰：“不能。” 子曰：“呜呼！曾谓泰山不如林放乎⁴？”

【译文】

季氏将祭泰山。 孔子对冉有说：“你不能阻止此事吗？” 冉有回答：“不能。” 孔子叹道：“唉！难道说泰山神还不如林放懂得礼吗？”

【YZG解释】

季氏将祭泰山。 孔子对冉有说：“你不能劝阻他吗？” 冉有回答：“不能。” 孔子叹道：“呜呼！难道说泰山之神还不如林放懂得礼之本吗？”

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【English Translation】

Ji⁵will offer sacrifices to Mount Tai⁶. Confucius said to Ran You⁷: “Can’t you dissuade him from doing it?” Ran You said: “No, I can’t.” Confucius sighed and said: “Alas! Does the god of Mount Tai understands less about Rites than Lin Fang?”

【Note】

注释

1. 旅：祭名。据礼制，唯有天子才能祭天下名山大川，诸侯则能祭封地内名山大川。季氏作为鲁大夫而祭泰山是僭越行为。 ↩

2. 冉有：孔子学生。姓冉，名求，字子有。时任季氏家臣。 ↩

3. 救：阻止。 ↩

4. “曾谓”句：意谓难道说泰山神还不如林放知礼，而会接受季氏的祭祀吗？林放曾向孔子请教礼之基本原则(3.4)。孔子之所以在这里提到林放，是为了强调泰山神不会无礼。 ↩

5. Ji (季氏): One of Three Families who usurped governmental power in the state of Lu. ↩

6. Only the emperor could offer sacrifice to the world’s famous mountains and rivers, while the vassals could only offer sacrifices to the famous mountains and rivers within their fiefs. So it is usurpation for Ji, as a minister of Lu, to offer sacrifices to Mount Tai. ↩

7. Ran You (冉有): Surname Ran (冉), given name Qiu (求), courtesy name Zi You (子有). He was a retainer of Ji. ↩