19.3 子夏之门人问交于子张。子张曰:“子夏云何?” 对曰:“子夏曰:‘可者与之,其不可者拒之。’” 子张曰:“异乎吾所闻。君子尊贤而容众,嘉善而矜不能1。我之大贤与,于人何所不容?我之不贤与,人将拒我,如之何其拒人也?”
【译文】
子夏的学生问子张怎样交友。 子张问:“子夏怎么说呢?” 学生答道:“子夏说:‘可以为友的就与他相交,不可为友的就拒绝与他相交。’” 子张说:“我所听到的与此不同。君子尊重贤人而容纳众人,称赞善人而怜悯无能的人。我若是个大贤呢,对什么人不能容纳?我若是个不贤之人,那别人就会拒绝我,我怎么可能去拒绝别人呢?”
【YZG解释】
子夏的学生请教子张交友之道。 子张问:“子夏怎么说呢?” 学生答道:“子夏说:‘可以为友的就与他相交,不可为友的就拒绝与他相交。’” 子张说:“我从孔子那里所听到的与此不同。君子尊重贤人而包容众人,称赞鼓励善人而同情帮助无能的人。我若是个有道德修养的人,对别人有什么不能包容的呢?我若是个没有道德修养的人,那别人就会拒绝与我相交,怎么可能有我拒绝别人的情况呢?”
【English Translation】
A student of Zi Xia1 asked Zi Zhang2 about the way of making friends.
Zi Zhang asked: “What did Zi Xia say?”
The student replied: “Zi Xia said: ‘Make friends with those who can be friends, and reject those who cannot.‘”
Zi Zhang said: “What I heard from Confucius is different from this. A noble person respects the virtuous persons and accepts all people, praises and encourages the kind persons, and helps the incompetent people with sympathy. If I am a virtuous person, what can’t I tolerate about others? If I am not a virtuous person, then others will reject to make friends with me. How can I reject others?”
【Note】