10.4 入公门,鞠躬如也1,如不容。立不中门,行不履阈2。过位,色勃如也,足躩如也,其言似不足者。摄齐升堂3,鞠躬如也,屏气似不息者。出,降一等4,逞颜色5,怡怡如也。没阶,趋进,翼如也。复其位,踧踖如也。

【译文】

孔子走进朝廷大门,显得恭敬谨慎,好像门容不下身子的样子。 他不站在门的中间,进去时不踩门槛。 经过国君的座位,便脸色庄重,脚步加快,说话也好像力气不足的样子。 他提起衣服下摆向堂上走,恭敬谨慎,好像屏气不呼吸的样子。 出来后,走下一级台阶,脸色舒展,怡然自得。 走完台阶,即快步行进,好像鸟儿展翅一样。 回到自己的座位上,又显出恭敬不安的样子。

【YZG解释】

孔子走进朝廷大门,微倾身体像鞠躬一样,好像不知如何容身。 他不站在门的中间,进去时不踩门槛。 经过治朝的位子(君主与群臣揖见的位子),便脸色庄重,脚步加快,说话也好像力气不足的样子。 他提起衣服下摆向堂上走,微倾身体像鞠躬一样,好像屏气不呼吸的样子。 出来后,走下一级台阶,脸色舒展,怡然自得 。 走完台阶,即快步行进,好像鸟儿展翅一样自然。 回到自己的座位上,又显出恭敬且诚惶诚恐的样子。


【English Translation】

When Confucius entered the gates of the court, he slightly leaned his body like bowing, as if not knowing where to stay.

He did not stand in the middle of the door and neither stepped on the threshold when entering.

When passing by the seat of the ruling court (the seat where the monarch and the ministers greeted each other), his countenance became solemn, his pace quickened, and his speaking seemed to lack strength.

He lifted his cloth’s hem and walked toward the hall, slightly leaned his body like bowing, as if holding his breath.

When he came out and walked down a step, his countenance relaxed, and he looked happy and content.

After walking down the steps, he walked forward quickly, which was as natural as a bird spreading its wings.

When he returned to his seat, he showed a respectful and reverent look again.

注释

  1. 鞠躬:这里形容恭敬谨慎的样子。

  2. 阈(yù):门槛。

  3. 摄:提起。齐(zī):衣服下摆。

  4. 等:指台阶的层级。

  5. 逞:舒展。